Runes · Younger Futhark
Writing system course · 1 lessons · 16 entries
16 supplied Younger Futhark signs in a focused writing-system course, with original readings, rune names and available meaning notes.
The supplied Younger Futhark inventory represents a later Scandinavian runic tradition. Compare its 16 signs with the Elder Futhark forms, keeping the reading conventions of each inventory separate.
Learn the sign shapes and compare their supplied names, readings and meaning notes. This is a script-recognition course, not a complete language or inscription-reading curriculum.
How to practice
Look at each rune and its reading, trace the shape, then test recognition and production. Study one inventory at a time before comparing it with the other rune courses.
Read these examples freely without an account. In the app you can preview lessons, study a private copy and progress through the course one lesson at a time.
Examples from the lessons
Compare the original written form with the supplied reading or equivalent. Try covering the answer column before checking it.
| Written form | Reading | Meaning or equivalent |
|---|---|---|
| ᚠ | f | f |
| ᚢ | u/ú/v | u/ú/v |
| ᚦ | þ/ð | þ/ð |
| ᚨ | o/ó/ø | o/ó/ø |
Course outline
Use the outline to choose what to preview. Starting the interactive course begins with the first lesson; later lessons become available as you continue.
- Younger Futhark